See kres- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*krós-e(-ti) (o-grade stative or present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"alt": "*hrasaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hrasaną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hrasaną"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrōzaz",
"3": "*hrōzō",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "active, stirring",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? *hrōzaz (“active, stirring”), *hrōzō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? *hrōzaz (“active, stirring”), *hrōzō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrōzijaną",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"qq": "or from the adjective",
"t": "to stir",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? *hrōzijaną (“to stir”) (or from the adjective)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? *hrōzijaną (“to stir”) (or from the adjective) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kros-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"alt": "*krásīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *krásīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *krásīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krasìti",
"t": "to decorate",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Slavic: *krasìti (“to decorate”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Slavic: *krasìti (“to decorate”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*krāsáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *krāsáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *krāsáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*krāsáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *krāsáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *krāsáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"alt": "*fra-krāsáyati",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? *fra-krāsáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? *fra-krāsáyati"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬑𐬭𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀",
"alt": "𐬟𐬭𐬁-𐬑𐬭𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀",
"der": "1",
"t": "to be shocked"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬁-𐬑𐬭𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (frā-xrā̊ŋhaiia, “to be shocked”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬁-𐬑𐬭𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (frā-xrā̊ŋhaiia, “to be shocked”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "?"
}
],
"text": "*krós-neh₂ ~ *kr̥s-néh₂-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*kros-néh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *kros-néh₂",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *kros-néh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hraznō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hraznō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hraznō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*kros-nós",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *kros-nós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *kros-nós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*krāna",
"q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sqj-pro\">*krasna</i> >"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: (*krasna >) *krāna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: (*krasna >) *krāna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "krua"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: krua",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: krua"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*krosnós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *krosnós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *krosnós"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κρουνός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: κρουνός (krounós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: κρουνός (krounós)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*kŕ̥s-neh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *kŕ̥s-neh₂",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *kŕ̥s-neh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*krásnā",
"q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"grk-pro\">*krə́snā</i> >"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: (*krə́snā >) *krásnā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: (*krə́snā >) *krásnā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc-aeo",
"2": "κράννᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Aeolic Greek: κράννᾱ (kránnā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aeolic Greek: κράννᾱ (kránnā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc-att",
"2": "κρήνη"
},
"expansion": "Attic Greek: κρήνη (krḗnē)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Attic Greek: κρήνη (krḗnē)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc-dor",
"2": "κρᾱ́νᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Doric Greek: κρᾱ́νᾱ (krā́nā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Doric Greek: κρᾱ́νᾱ (krā́nā)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kres-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to move, be agitated"
],
"id": "en-kres--ine-pro-root-DgU1xfKi",
"links": [
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"agitated",
"agitated"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spring, surge, wave"
],
"id": "en-kres--ine-pro-root-DhPePXu6",
"links": [
[
"spring",
"spring"
],
[
"surge",
"surge"
],
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "kres-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Indo-European CReC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*krós-e(-ti) (o-grade stative or present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"alt": "*hrasaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hrasaną",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hrasaną"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrōzaz",
"3": "*hrōzō",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "active, stirring",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? *hrōzaz (“active, stirring”), *hrōzō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? *hrōzaz (“active, stirring”), *hrōzō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrōzijaną",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"qq": "or from the adjective",
"t": "to stir",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? *hrōzijaną (“to stir”) (or from the adjective)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? *hrōzijaną (“to stir”) (or from the adjective) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*kros-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"alt": "*krásīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *krásīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *krásīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krasìti",
"t": "to decorate",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Slavic: *krasìti (“to decorate”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Slavic: *krasìti (“to decorate”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*krāsáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *krāsáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *krāsáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*krāsáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *krāsáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *krāsáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"alt": "*fra-krāsáyati",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? *fra-krāsáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? *fra-krāsáyati"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬑𐬭𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀",
"alt": "𐬟𐬭𐬁-𐬑𐬭𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀",
"der": "1",
"t": "to be shocked"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬁-𐬑𐬭𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (frā-xrā̊ŋhaiia, “to be shocked”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬁-𐬑𐬭𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (frā-xrā̊ŋhaiia, “to be shocked”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "?"
}
],
"text": "*krós-neh₂ ~ *kr̥s-néh₂-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*kros-néh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *kros-néh₂",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *kros-néh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hraznō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hraznō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hraznō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*kros-nós",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *kros-nós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *kros-nós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*krāna",
"q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"sqj-pro\">*krasna</i> >"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: (*krasna >) *krāna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: (*krasna >) *krāna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "krua"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: krua",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: krua"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*krosnós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *krosnós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *krosnós"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κρουνός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: κρουνός (krounós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: κρουνός (krounós)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*kŕ̥s-neh₂",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ *kŕ̥s-neh₂",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *kŕ̥s-neh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*krásnā",
"q": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"grk-pro\">*krə́snā</i> >"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: (*krə́snā >) *krásnā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: (*krə́snā >) *krásnā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc-aeo",
"2": "κράννᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Aeolic Greek: κράννᾱ (kránnā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aeolic Greek: κράννᾱ (kránnā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc-att",
"2": "κρήνη"
},
"expansion": "Attic Greek: κρήνη (krḗnē)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Attic Greek: κρήνη (krḗnē)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc-dor",
"2": "κρᾱ́νᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Doric Greek: κρᾱ́νᾱ (krā́nā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Doric Greek: κρᾱ́νᾱ (krā́nā)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kres-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to move, be agitated"
],
"links": [
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"agitated",
"agitated"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spring, surge, wave"
],
"links": [
[
"spring",
"spring"
],
[
"surge",
"surge"
],
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "kres-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kres- meaning in All languages combined (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.